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Research reports that two out of four young people have unhealthy ideas about eating, dieting and weight. With the alarming increase of eating disorders, dieting, and obesity among children as young as 5 and 6, it's crucial these days for parents to proactively work to promote healthy eating and body image in their children. It has been found that in households where mom talks about feeling fat, 81% of their teenage daughters said they felt fat too. Our girls, especially, are being easily confused and influenced when it comes to body image development. In a culture where young people are bombarded with skinny, glossy, and superficial images, parents can be a mirror reflecting understanding, reassurance, wisdom, and love that their children can look into with faith and not fear. Many factors influence whether an adolescent will develop a positive or negative body image. As a parent, you can learn to be supportive the next time your child says, “Mom, I feel fat or Mom, I hate my life,” and be ready with an answer by saying, “that sounds like an important feeling, tell me more.” The Slenderizing Beauty Ideal Everyday 56% of the women in the United States are on diets. We have a 30-billion-dollar-a-year diet industry. The historical view of the ideal female body has changed over the years and influenced this dieting America. Although many factors contribute to the changing body shape of girls, including better nutrition, earlier onset of puberty and other societal influences. The fact remains that regardless of the reason, the common trend over time points to a slenderizing standard of the female ideal. With standards like this, it is no wonder that children are dissatisfied with their bodies. When it came to looks – teens are most concerned about weight. A Teen People survey of 1000 teens, showed that 39% worried about weight. Between 2000 and 2001, cosmetic surgery on girls 18 and younger had increased by 22%. Another study reported that after girls viewed pictures of models in fashion magazines: 69% reported that magazine pictures influenced their idea of the perfect body shape and 47% reported wanting to lose weight because of magazine pictures. This study found that those who were frequent readers of fashion magazines were 2-3 times more likely than infrequent readers to start dieting to lose weight because of a magazine article. What Are Eating Disorders? Is it any wonder, then, that eating disorders affect 7 million women and 1 million men in the United States? Eating disorders include anorexia, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder. People with anorexia starve themselves to dangerously thin levels, at least 15% below their appropriate weight. People with bulimia binge uncontrollably on large amounts of food--sometimes thousands of calories at a time--and then purge the calories out of their bodies through vomiting, starving, excessive exercise, laxatives, or other methods. People with binge-eating disorder eat uncontrollably, but they do not purge the calories. Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (or EDNOS) is a new classification of disordered eating that falls between anorexia, binge eating and bulimia. Unfortunately, since this type of 'sub-clinical' disorder is often not life-threatening, there appears to be little research available on the topic. One of the goals at FINDINGbalance.com, the first national organization dedicated to helping those who struggle with ENDOS, is to begin collecting new information through input from their website visitors and other existing sources. Visit the www.FINDINGbalance.com website to take the “Weird Eater” quiz and take a closer look at how dieting habits can lead to disordered eating. Anorexia Warning Signs for Adolescents & Adults: • Loss of menstrual period • Dieting obsessively when not overweight • Claiming to feel "fat" when overweight is not a reality • Preoccupation with food, calories, nutrition, and/or cooking • Denial of hunger • Excessive exercising, being overly active • Frequent weighing • Strange food-related behaviors • Episodes of binge-eating • 15% or more below normal body weight/rapid weight loss • Depression • Slowness of thought/memory difficulties • Hair loss * In children any combination of these symptoms should be considered serious and an immediate evaluation by an eating disorder professional or physician is recommended. Source: www.remudaranch.com Bulimia Warning Signs: • Excessive concern about weight • Strict dieting followed by eating binges • Frequent overeating, especially when distressed • Bingeing on high calorie, sweet foods • Use of laxatives, diuretics, strict dieting, vigorous exercise, and/or vomiting to control weight • Leaving for the bathroom after meals • Being secretive about binges or vomiting • Planning binges or opportunities to binge • Feeling out of control • Depressive moods Source: www.remudaranch.com EDNOS Warning Signs: • You're always on a diet, always coming off a diet, or always getting ready to go on one again (chronic dieting). • You categorize foods as 'safe' and 'off limits', but weigh within normal ranges and are not participating in bulimia. • You eliminate entire food groups from your diet. • You are obsessed with exercising but eat fairly regularly. • You binge and/or purge occasionally, but not more than a few times a month. • You skip social occasions because you feel fat, or because you are afraid of what's being served, yet your weight is normal. • You believe that everyone is as focused on your weight as you are. • You refuse to eat regular meals, choosing instead to 'nibble' throughout the day on small portions of food (which usually leads to bingeing). Source: www.findingbalance.com How Common Are Eating Disorders? Eating disorders are serious illnesses. The malnourishment of both anorexia and bulimia affects the body rapidly and can lead to hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, enlargement of the heart, heart attacks, congestive heart failure, permanent brain shrinkage with loss of memory and IQ, infertility, and osteoporosis. It is not uncommon for a teenage girl with anorexia to have the bones of an 80 year old woman. The condition is not reversible. Ultimately, approximately, 6% of people with anorexia and 1% with bulimia will die from their eating disorder. According to Remuda Ranch, an inpatient eating disorder treatment center in Arizona, estimates indicate that 1/3 of American women and 15% of men will have an eating disorder or related problem at some time in their lives. Fifty years ago, eating disorders were practically unheard of. Research suggest a strong genetic component to eating disorders. People who are prone to perfectionism and low self-esteem may be most at risk. In today’s world, the cultural pressures for young people to obtain and maintain super-thin bodies are extreme. In this environment, thinness readily becomes a way of dealing with many emotional issues. However, outcome studies have shown there is much hope for people with eating disorders. The good news is that approximately 75% of patients with eating disorders do recover. How Can Parents Prevent Disordered Eating? Parents can do much to spare their children a life-long struggle with eating and weight. One of the most important ways is to examine their own beliefs and prejudices as a parent about weight and appearance. Parents should communicate acceptance and respect for themselves and other people regardless of weight. This will reduce some of the pressure children may feel to change their bodies. Especially, discourage the idea that a particular diet or body size can reliably lead to happiness. Do not model or encourage dieting. Accept and talk about the fact that diets don’t work and the dangers of altering one’s body through dieting. Tips For Healthy Eating In our diet crazed culture, what really is healthy eating? Here are a few tips that will go a long way in feeding your family a balanced mealtime experience. For starters, teach your children to listen to their body -- eat when you’re hungry, stop when you’re full. Remember balance means that most of the time you eat because you are hungry and use food as fuel for your body. But, it also means that sometimes you eat simply when the food appeals to you or when it is appropriate in a social setting (e.g., popcorn at the movies), allowing yourself to eat for enjoyment. Try to eat different foods everyday, in other words, create an adventure for your taste buds. Aim to inspire your family to eat 3 meals and 1 to 3 snacks a day. The idea that snacking between meals is bad is a thing of the past. By teaching your kids to eat every 2 to 4 hours, they will prevent their body from getting overly hungry which could set them up to overeat later. Plus, the body uses the fuel from food very efficiently when smaller amounts of food is eaten more frequently throughout the day. The bottom line: eat normally, exercise moderately, and let your body weigh what it wants. Yes, it will take courage and perseverance, but the rewards of knowing you are teaching your family how to eat for pleasure is a true legacy to leave. Resources BOOKS DeVillera, Julia. GirlWise. Roseville, California: Prima Publishing; 2002. Gaesser, Glenn. Big Fat Lies: The Truth about Your Weight and Your Health. New York: Ballantine; 1996. Hersh. Sharon A. “Mom, I feel fat!” Colorado Springs, Colorado: WaterBrook Press; 2001. Hutchinson, Marcia. 200 Ways to Love the Body You Have. CA: Crossing Press; 1999. Jacobs-Brumberg, Joan. The Body Project: An Intimate History of American Girls. NewYork: Random House; 1997. Jantz, Gregory L. Hope, Help & Healing for Eating Disorders. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Waterbrook Press; 2002. Omichinski, Linda. Staying off the Diet Roller Coaster: Advicezone.com; 2000. Rhodes, Constance. Life Inside the Thin Cage. Colorado Springs. Colorado: Waterbrook Press; 2003. Quart, Alissa. Branded: The Buying and Selling of Teenagers. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus Books Group; 2003. Tribole, Evelyn. Intuitive Eating: A Recovery Book for the Chronic Dieter. New York: St. Martin's Press; 1995. WEBSITES AND PROGRAMS HUGS HUGS for Better Health website features resources on how to build a non-diet lifestyle. www.hugs.com F.I.T Decisions F.I.T (Future Identity of Teens) is a weekend conference for teenage girls to teach teens how to live healthful, balanced lives. Nationally-known speakers, drama skits, fashion shows, kick boxing, snacks, and give-aways are part of the all day workshop. www.fitdecisions.org www.girlpower.gov The US Department of Health and Human Services has sponsored, Girl Power!, a national public education campaign sponsored designed to provide positive messages, accurate health information, and support for 9- to 13-year-old girls. The website includes statistics, research, materials and information for both adolescents and adults. A free Girl Power! Kit can be ordered via the website. www.4woman.gov This site, the National Women’s Health Information Center, is a project of the US Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health. Navigate to “Body Image” section of the website and you will find the “Body Wise” handbook and additional information, educational material and additional resources for parents and a variety of professions. www.bodypositive.com by D. Burgard, PhD Videos and workshops that teach young people how to develop a positive body image and have a healthy relationship with food. A new video (2002) Body Talk 2: It's a New Language, is targeted at tweens (ages 8-11). www.bulimia.com Gurze Books which include tapes and resources on disordered eating and related topics on body image and obesity. www.healthyweight.net The Healthy Weight Network features a journal and Francis Berg's books, Children and Teens Afraid to Eat and other practical resources for educators and health professionals. www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phd/ebhp/06bodyimage.htm The Victorian Department of Human Services website has many resources including a summary of body image programs as well as a review of the research evaluating these programs. In addition, you will find a free Resource Planning Kit: “Shape: Body Image Program Planning Guide”. www.nationaleatingdisorder.org Provides many programs, books and materials and references (two items offered are listed below). Remuda Ranch www.remudaranch.com Remuda Ranch is an eating disorder treatment center devoted to the unique needs of women and girls and integrate specialized therapies such as art, equine, body image, and movement program components as part of the recovery treatment. penis elargement tip penis enlargment stretcher penis enargement device vimax patch manual penile enlargment home penis enlagement real pennis enlargement vimax free penis enlargement video

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KNOWING FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination is urinating much more than is required. Frequent urination is a common problem among people suffering from problems in the prostate gland and the urethra. Frequent urination is also a symptom of many diseases. To understand the causes of frequent urination, we must first know what urination is all about. WHAT EXACTLY IS URINE? The urine is fluid made up of wastes produced within the body. Urine is transparent and yellow in color. The urine is made up of nitrogen compounds, salts, toxic wastes and excess water. URINATION Urination is a normal process of excretion. Urination excretes the toxic substances that form within our body. Urination occurs when the bladder gets filled up. Next, the receptors which are stretch sensitive get stimulated. Then the message is transmitted to the brains. During urination, the sphincter relaxes as the urine flows out from the urethra. The urge to urinate is generally quite intense. A person ready to urinate gets the relief only when he successfully expels the urine. URINE AMOUNT OF A NORMAL PERSON The approximate amount of urine daily produced by an adult body is 1.5 litres (three pints). The body needs to excrete daily not less than 0.5 litres (one pint) of these waste substances. EXCESSIVE, LESS OR FREQUENT URINATION Either state is a sure symptom of a serious dysfunction of the urinary system. Frequent urination is also a tell-tale sign of ailment. DIAGNOSING DISEASES The common method used to examine a patient’s urine for diagnosing ailments is urinalysis. If the test indicates the presence of blood sugar or glucose, it is a sign of diabetes mellitus. And, if there is the presence of bacteria in the urine, the urinary system may be having some infection. What is more, presence of blood cells in the urine is a probable sign of cancer of the urinary tract. Hence, it is important that one has a clear idea of the entire urinary system. THE URINARY SYSTEM The urinary system is constituted of the organs that produce and also secrete urine from the body. To know the causes of frequent urination, it would be first necessary to know of the organs involved in urination. Mentionably, frequent urination occurs when any (or all) of the main organs like the kidneys, the urethra, the bladder and the prostate gland does not function. THE KIDNEYS & THE BLADDER The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs. This duo produces urine by filtering substances from the blood. Urine flows from the kidneys via two thin tubes known as the ureters. Then, the ureters carry the urine to a muscular vessel called the bladder. The bladder of a normal adult has the capacity to store urine up to approximately 0.5 litres. From the bladder, the urine is excreted through the urethra tubes. THE URETHRA The urethra carries urine from the bladder to the penis. In a woman, the urethra is approximately 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) in length. This is strictly a urinary passage. However, in the case of a male, the urethra is about eight inches (20 cm). The urethra in a male passes through the penis which also conveys the semen during a sexual intercourse. THE PROSTATE GLAND In the case of a male, on either sides of the urethra are located the prostrate gland and the bladder. The chestnut-shaped prostate gland secretes the prostate fluid. This fluid constitutes the major portion of the released male semen during an intercourse. The diameter of the prostate gland measures approximately 1.2 inches (three centimeters). The prostate gland is composed of muscle as well as glandular tissues. The muscle tissues aid the male ejaculation process. The glandular tissues produce the prostate fluid. This fluid keeps the semen-based sperm active and healthy. In other words, the prostate fluid helps the fertilization process. CAUSES OF FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination may happen in person for various reasons. It may happen due to hot temperature and for hydration. The process of hydrate refers to a compound in which water is chemically combined with another compound or an element. Therefore, hydrating means to chemically combine with water. It may also refer to the cause to absorb water. The root of the word ‘hydrate’ is in French. It is related to hydro or water. PROSTATE GLAND ENLARGEMENT & FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination is caused by prostate gland urination. The blown up prostate gland constricts the urethra. Thus the bladder is obstructed temporarily. This condition is called prostate enlargement. This happens because of the thickening of the bladder wall. This state may also lead to an intensive urge to urinate, difficulty in urination, nighttime urination. All of these are sure signs of a weak urinary system. Frequent urination coupled with excessive thirst, blurred vision, sudden loss of weight, and fatigue may be symptoms of diabetes. Frequent urination is induced when the body reacts to high glucose levels in the blood. This again leads to perennial thirst. If such a condition persists, the person should immediately consult a urologist. PROSTATE DISORDERS There are several causes of prostate disorders. Such dysfunctions afflict men of all ages. BPH (Prostatic hyperplasia): This is a benign or non-cancerous and quite a common prostate ailment. The cause of BPH is still unknown. Prostatic hyperplasia occurs in almost 80- per cent of men after they cross their 70s or 80s. In such a state, the prostate gland may grow from the normal size of 20 g (0.71 oz) to that of 150 g (5.31 oz). Mentionably, the normal size of a prostate gland in a young man is 20 g (0.71 oz). UROLOGISTS & URINARY SYSTEM DISORDERS Urologists specialize in the treatment of disorders of the urinary system. Here is an overview of the different urinary system disorders. Renal failure: This is a serious disorder. Renal failure happens when the toxic substances get stored inside the body. Renal failure is caused when the system filtering blood slows down or stops working. Renal failure can be caused by acute bleeding in the post-surgery stage, drug poisoning, heart failure (congestive), injury, bacterial infection, and shock. Urologists address renal failure by first analyzing the root cause(s). The primary objective is to make the kidney function again. The methods adopted are surgery and blood transfusion. In the most severe instances, the patient may have to undergo kidney dialysis. Then, the blood is filtered mechanically. Chronic Renal Failure: This is deterioration of kidney functioning in a progressive manner. Chronic renal failure can even damage the kidneys. Chronic renal failure is caused by many ailments like myeloma (cancer), AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), lupus erythematosus, diabetes, and hypertension. Mentionably, if detected at the initial stages chronic renal failure can be slowed down but it cannot be reversed. The degenerative process can be kept under control to certain extent through various interventions. Such preventive measures are cutting down on protein and fluid intake and regularity in medication consumption. It is to be noted that proteins are the primary sources of waste products. End-stage renal failure: This is a life threatening dysfunction of the kidney. Patients suffering from end-stage renal failures need long-term dialysis and may also have to go fro kidney transplant. Urinary calculi: This disorder is popularly known as development of kidney stones. Urinary calculi build up over a period of time. These kidney stones are made up of the minerals and the crystallized salts that remain in the urine. Urinary calculi disorder of the kidney is usually accompanied by acute pain. The pain is caused when the kidney stones block the paths carrying urine. Generally, these stones move within and out of the urinary tract on their own accord. But if they fail to pass out of the body, they are surgically removed. At times, the urologists use the ultrasound technique called lithotripsy to break down the kidney stones non-surgically. Bacterial infections: They are caused by Escherichia coli – a common bacterium present in the intestines. Such bacterial infection can attack any part of the urinary system. The normal treatment is antibiotics. There are instances of such bacterial infections becoming chronic and recurrent. Bladder & Kidney Cancer: During the course of the last four decades, the incidence of people falling victim to bladder and kidney cancer has risen. The reason is the rise in the number of people leading sedentary lifestyles, and smokers. The other causative agents are obesity and environmental pollution including some industrial chemicals. Abuse of analgesics is also one of the primary causes in the rise of cancers even among the young people. The treatment for bladder and kidney cancer is removal of the cancerous tissues followed up by radiation therapy. Polycystic renal diseases: These are inherited and congenital disorders of the urinary system. These polycystic renal diseases occur when numerous cysts form in the kidney. These cysts reduce the number of those renal tissues which function. The patients would have to undergo kidney transplantation or Kidney dialysis under such circumstances. Hypospadias: This a congenital defect of the males. The urinary opening gets misplaced on the penis. The urinary opening may lie under the penis head or be located as far away as the scrotum. The immediate treatment is to go for surgery before the child reaches 24 months. 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“How Body Image Affects Sex” A person’s body image affects his or her entire life. Body image can affect a person’s outlook, their career, their relationships with others, and especially their sex life. A person who has a poor body image will perceive him or herself as unattractive to other people. This unhealthy mental outlook will start to influence their personality and behavior to the point of projecting negative feelings. This is a shame because people who have a good body image, who see themselves as attractive to others, usually are happier. They tend to advance in their career. They enjoy more productive relationships. And yes, they have more sex. (And better sex) Body image has little to do with physical attributes, and more to do with self-confidence. People who have a poor body image might actually be physically attractive to others, while people who are just average looking may have a good body image and be exceptionally appealing to others. Body Image Is Powerful Due to many different factors, including upbringing and the modern media’s distortion of sex appeal, a man or a woman may develop a very poor body image and become outright embarrassed about their physical appearance. This can cause a person so much stress and worry, that they simply withdraw socially. They do not date or try to meet new people and so end up sexually starving themselves. Whereas body image is known to affect more women than men (over 70% of women polled stated they were not happy with their bodies, compared to 33% of men), men also can develop a poor body image; whether late in life after physical changes take place or starting from puberty and on into adulthood. Common body areas in men that are brought into question when a poor body image develops are skin, hair, nose, body shape, eyes, penis size, chest and stomach. Some of these worries could be media influenced just as it is in women. Top male movie stars, porn stars—or worse yet computer-generated action heroes?—may have perfect bodies and set too high a standard to reach. On the other hand, psychological problems, a hard upbringing, or any recent traumatic experiences could also account for a poor body image. The Truth About Your Body Are you happy with your body? Are you proud of who you are and do you feel sexy whenever you dress for the occasion? If your first reaction is no!, or just an uncomfortable cringe, then maybe you have a poor body image. If that’s the case, then we have good news and better news for you. First the good news. Poor body image is just a condition of the mind. While most people who suffer from low self-esteem are worrying about their physical appearance, other people are noticing the features they do like. If a man doesn’t have a perfect waistline, then many women will find beauty in his eyes, his smile or sense of humor. Just because a woman frets over her voluptuous figure doesn’t mean many men don’t find her curves quite sexy. Ironically, in many relationships the one physical flaw a person thinks he or she has can be charming to the partner. Looks aren’t everything. And for the most part, people actually look good. But remember that whatever you are feeling inside is what you will project. So don’t spell out with your body language that you’re unattractive and unlovable. Sexiness, attractiveness and an appealing presence is determined by your own level of confidence and understanding, not your physical imperfections. (Which by the way, everybody has. Even movie stars, off camera) Now the better news. The better news is that if think you have a very poor body image (meaning you think you’re ugly in some way) and are afraid to start dating because of the way you look, then sex surrogacy can help you! 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(And yeah, better sex) Thousands of people every year would rather have cosmetic surgery done than simply come to a better understanding of themselves, their bodies and what society expects of them. There’s hope for you too and it’s not by going under the knife. If you have low self-esteem or a poor body image, then running away from social activity (or from all of society and reappearing with a brand new face) is not the answer. Improving your body image is. And seeking solutions through sex surrogacy may be just what you need. penile enlargment technique herbal penis enargement do penile enlargment pills work vigrx store vimax manual penis enlargement exercise buy penis enlargement pills vimax penis enlargement traction device herbal penis enhancement pills cheap pennis enlargement

1. What is a Vasectomy Reversal? Vasectomy reversal is a microsurgical procedure which restores the flow of sperm through the vas deferens. During the original vasectomy the vas deferens – the tube which carries sperm from the epididymis to the prostate – is cut and clamped. This results in no sperm being present in the semen which is expelled from the penis during ejaculation. A vasectomy reversal involves removing the clamps and stitching the vas deferens together again, (or in a minority of cases actually attaching the vas deferens to the epididymis – a procedure known as a vasoepididymostomy) thereby allowing the flow of sperm once more. 2. How much does a Vasectomy Reversal Cost? This varies from country to country. In the USA, the price of a vasectomy reversal is anything from between $4000 and $20000. In some cases it may be possible to undergo the procedure under local anaesthetic at the surgeon’s offices rather than having to incur hospital fees. This will reduce the cost to as low as $2500 but is not possible in all cases – ask your surgeon if this is a possibility. 3. What Are the Chances of Success? This depends on how long ago the original vasectomy was performed. The longer the time lapse the greater the chance of blockage or damage to the vas deferens. However the current level of technological advances in microsurgery means that as many as 97% of men who undergo a straightforward vasectomy reversal experience a return to normal sperm counts and 50% of cases resulted in pregnancy. However, if the original vasectomy occurred 15 or more years ago this figures drop to 71% and 30% respectively. 4. What Things Should I Consider When Choosing A Surgeon? Make sure you are well informed when deciding on a surgeon for your vasectomy reversal. The relative skill and experience of your surgeon will have a huge bearing on whether or not your operation is successful. Ask the surgeon if he is able to perform a vasoepididymostomy using an operating microscope. This is a crucial question since it is usually only possible to tell whether this more involved surgery will be necessary once your operation is underway. 5. How Long Will It Take After The Vasectomy Reversal To Have A Chance Of Making My Partner Pregnant? It will be at least 12 months after your procedure that your partner has a chance of becoming pregnant, although statistically most pregnancies occur 2 years after the vasectomy reversal. The best advice therefore would be not to delay the procedure and additionally the longer the time lapse between vasectomy and reversal the less chance of success. penis elargement testimonials medical pennis enlargement natural penis enargement pills herbal natural penis enhancement natural pnis enlargement easy enlagement free penis surgery way free penis enhancement technique does pennis enlargement work cheap pennis enlargement

There have been, perhaps, six critical conversations I’ve had that have shaped my professional consulting career. One of them was with an operations manager at a division of Federal Express. I had just completed a successful, nationwide training program for the field sales force, so my credibility and confidence were soaring. Then, I heard a simple, but challenging question. “We know how to measure sales productivity,” he said. “But is there something you can develop that will measure customer service productivity?” Reflexively, I thought, “Why bother? Even if we can do it, reps will hate it.” But I held my tongue, sensing that this was a rare opportunity to revisit some of my assumptions. My gut reaction was informed by years of doing seminars across the country in which I brought together sales and service people into the same sessions. Evaluations told me that they felt they were adversaries with mutually exclusive value systems. Sales types tend to see themselves as swashbucklers, rogues, high-wire types, who crave adventure and embrace risks. They thrive on contingent pay, on the prospect of receiving hefty commissions and bonuses when they make big sales. Service folks tend to be more risk averse. Often, they have a clerical mentality, which commends accuracy while penalizing mistakes. I sensed, to my core, that if we suggested to them that their pay should be even partly variable, based on achievement, they’d rebel. This was more than supposition on my part. I had introduced cross-selling programs for years into service departments, experience that informed my best-selling book, Selling Skills For The Non-Salesperson. I found I could design a great sales program for service people, yet many would balk, even after they had achieved success and financial rewards through it. They explained to me, in a very straightforward way, that they simply didn’t want to be salespeople, and that was that. Noting resistance from the rank and file, senior management, in those days, refused to push for implementation, despite the fact that big profits were being left on the table. What, if anything, has changed since I was asked this question? Four crucial things: (1) We know much more about measuring customer service achievement. (2) Job enlargement, downsizing, CRM, and the rise of professionalism in companies have all contributed to an expectation of broadened CSR responsibilities and heightened performance. (3) Global competition, especially from knowledge workers in countries such as India, China, and elsewhere, is beginning to exert pressure on domestic workers to find ways to increase their contributions, if only to keep jobs onshore. (4) Management is more cost and profit conscious than ever before. Customer Service Achievement If there have been three unwritten commandments in the past for being a capable CSR they have boiled down to: (1) Sound nice; (2) Defuse angry customers; and (3) Don’t make mistakes entering or retrieving data or reciting company policies. Now, associates are being discouraged from focusing primarily on themselves, on customer service, or the motions they go through as they work. They’re being required to focus on outcomes: on customer satisfaction and on customer loyalty. They’re being shown, through new training and unobtrusive, real-time performance measures, how to evaluate the impacts they’re having on transactional satisfaction and a customer’s decision to buy again from their organizations. To borrow a phrase from Peter F. Drucker, suddenly the customer handling process is being managed for results. If we can objectively monitor, measure, manage, and systematically replicate customer results, there’s no reason to deny better pay to the people that can produce them. Future articles will explore some of the other crucial changes that have occurred, as well as discuss the pragmatics of introducing a pay-for-performance plan into the customer service context.